ʻOmole aniani o nā mea hoʻopili lāʻau ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana i ka microscope electron

I kekahi manawa i hala aku nei, ua hōʻike ka US "Wall Street Journal" i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke alo nei i kahi bottleneck: ʻo ka hemahema o nā kīʻaha aniani no ka mālama ʻana a me ke aniani kūikawā e like me nā mea maka e pale i ka hana nui. No laila, loaʻa i kēia ʻōmole aniani liʻiliʻi kekahi ʻike loea?

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili e pili pono ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hue aniani lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kahua o nā mea hoʻopihapiha lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o kā lākou hana paʻa, e like me nā vials, ampoules, a me nā hue aniani infusion.

Ma muli o ka pili pono ʻana o nā ʻōmole aniani lāʻau lapaʻau me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a pono e mālama ʻia kekahi no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā hue aniani lāʻau lapaʻau me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili pono ana i ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a pili i ke olakino pilikino a me ka palekana.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻōmole aniani, ka mālama ʻole ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu i kekahi mau pilikia ma ke kahua o ka hoʻopili lāʻau lapaʻau i nā makahiki i hala. E laʻa:

ʻAka maikaʻi ʻole a me ke kūpaʻa alkali: Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hoʻopihapiha ʻē aʻe, nāwaliwali ke aniani i ka pale ʻana i ka waikawa, ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka alkali. Ke hāʻule ka maikaʻi o ke aniani, a ʻaʻole i koho ʻia ka mea kūpono, maʻalahi ke hoʻoweliweli i ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke olakino o nā maʻi. .

Loaʻa i nā kaʻina hana like ʻole nā ​​hopena like ʻole i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana aniani: hana pinepine ʻia nā ipu kīʻaha aniani e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me nā kaʻina hoʻomalu. ʻO nā kaʻina hana like ʻole he hopena nui aʻe i ka maikaʻi o ke aniani, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūʻē ʻana o ka ʻili o loko. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka mana o ka nānā ʻana a me nā kūlana no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kīʻaha kīʻaha kīʻaha kīʻaha he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana.

ʻO nā mea nui o nā'ōmole aniani
ʻO nā ʻōmole aniani o nā mea hoʻopaʻa lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau i loaʻa i ka silicon dioxide, boron trioxide, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā pilikia me nā ʻōmole aniani
· ʻO ka ua o nā laʻana o nā metala alkali (K, Na) i loko o ke aniani alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka waiwai pH o ka ʻoihana lāʻau.
· ʻO ke aniani maikaʻi haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka hili lōʻihi ʻia e nā wai alkaline ke kumu i ka ʻili ʻana: hiki i ka ʻili aniani ke poloka i nā kīʻaha koko a hoʻoulu i ka thrombosis a i ʻole pulmonary granulomas.
· Ka ua o nā mea ʻino i loko o ke aniani: hiki ke loaʻa nā mea ʻino i ke ʻano hana aniani
· ʻO nā iona alumini i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ke aniani he mau hopena ʻino i nā mea ola

ʻO ka scanning electron microscopy ka nui o ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻili ʻana a me ka ʻili ʻana o ka ʻili o loko o ka hue aniani, a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka kānana wai kemika. Hoʻohana mākou i ka Feiner desktop scanning electron microscope e nānā i ka ʻili o ka hue aniani, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 1. Hōʻike ke kiʻi hema i ka ʻili o loko o ka ʻōmole aniani i ʻino ʻia e ka lāʻau wai, a ʻo ke kiʻi ʻākau e hōʻike ana i ka ʻili o loko o ka. omole aniani me ka manawa hili loihi. Hoʻopili ka wai me ka ʻōmole aniani, a ua ʻino ka ʻili o loko. ʻO ka corrosion lōʻihi e hana i kahi wahi nui o ka chipping. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o kēia mau hopena i loko o ke kino o ka mea maʻi, e loaʻa ana ka hopena i ke olakino o ka mea maʻi.